a solemn covenant or agreement between husband and wife, and enjoins that it be put down in writing (4:21). Although polygyny in Indonesia was never very popular, some Muslim women are worried that it is starting to gain more support. But subsequently, for a variety of reasons, the number of men in society decreases, leaving an excess of women. Nahdlatul Ulama is one of the organizations that approves of polygyny as an Islamic practice, but Fatayat NU is taking a contradicting stance; the members believe that polygyny can only be possible if men and women are unequal, which goes against their interpretation of the Qur'an's message on gender status. POLYGYNY – Why Muslims Men Allowed to Marry 4 Wives? MailBox: Why can a man have up to four wives and a woman only one husband in Islam? They see societal practices, not Islam, as the main problem. Islamic polygyny has also appeared as a controversial issue in films. Polygyny, is among the most controversial, yet often misunderstood, issues when it comes to Islam – among non-Muslims and Muslims alike. 0000003925 00000 n
[32] Thus, polygyny was allowable for charitable and honorable purposes. "[4] Therefore, the first part of verse 4:3 is dealing with orphan women who are under the protection of a male guardian, and it is advising the guardian to "deal justly" with the orphans. The director, Nia Dinata, was inspired by her experiences in Indonesia with women who were in polygynous relationships. This movie follows the life of Fahri bin Abdillah, a student in Egypt, and his relationships with four other women. Morocco was also pushed along by its Muslim feminist groups to make entering into a polygynous marriage more difficult. Undoubtedly, polygyny doesn’t suit everyone; it needs lots of patience and compromise. It existed long before Islam came into the scene of world events. Egypt, Jordan, and Morocco also began restricting polygynous practices in Islam. Sadly, many Muslims have succumbed to Western propaganda and have become open opponents of polygamy as well. Lady Mary Wortley Montau visited the Ottoman Empire in 1717 and noticed that while Muslims were allowed four wives no "man of quality" used this right. The other form of feminism in the Islamic world is independent or state feminism. When Islam began, unrestricted polygyny was rampant and there was no moral code to safeguard the rights of the wives. 2. He had nine wives and Allah benefited the ummah through them. 0000020523 00000 n
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Under Islamic marital jurisprudence, a man can take up to four wives, so long as he treats them all equally. [19] Many countries today either outlaw the practice of polygyny or place restrictions on it. It has been a topic of contention for ages. They also lead organizations like the Association of Muslim Women and Zeynab. [25], Turkey was the first Muslim-majority country to legally ban polygyny in 1926. It existed long … There is some detail given to the history of polygyny within the NoI movement and how it affected its leadership, which to some non-NoI Muslims would be considered largely irrelevant – although I personally thought that there were various … In Western literature, polygyny is often depicted as a cruel and repressive custom that sacrifices women’s freedom for men’s pleasure. She is a strong proponent of polygyny and views it as an extended family that is most beneficial for women. Another confusion … [11], Ibn Qudaamah from the Hanbali School of jurisprudence, said in Ash-Sharh Al-Kabeer: "It is more appropriate to marry only one wife. Islam limits the number of wives allowed to four, and also discourages the practice. These scholars cite a general establishment of order and protection provided by the Qur'anic verses, espousing the view that "the position of women was ameliorated to a greater degree by the mission of Muhammad. Two Indian authors, Akbari Begum and Bashiruddin Ahmad, revealed in their novels a belief that polygyny is acceptable in certain circumstances; whereas Nazr Sajjad Hyder opposed this notion and completely rejected the practice in her work. Out of the many controversial issues that Fatayat NU takes a stand on, polygyny is one that has recently come into contention. In fact, Islam is the only religion that limited this ancient and widespread practice. Vast majority of Muslim men are monogamous in their marriage relationships; those who have more than one wife are very few, probably less than zero point one percent of the Muslim world. Two highly dichotomous views on the social significance of the institutionalization of polygyny by Islam are provided by Leila Ahmed and Asghar Ali Engineer, and their views differ on the question of women. The two terms are easily confused. Initially experiencing membership issues due to large percentage of women who were married or uneducated, Fatayat NU began to gain power as institutions outside of Indonesia took notice of it and supported the organizations work. Islam further reformed the institution of polygamy by requiring equal treatment to all wives. [27] Second, the Quran demands equal treatment of all wives in a polygynous marriage, which is impossible, thus making the practice illegal. Through the Quran, conditions and guidelines were explained to ensure it was done in the best … For example, these feminists studied Muhammad's life and argued that he treated women very progressively for that era. It was common in jahiliyya Arabia for there to be no restriction on the number of wives a man could have. limited polygyny is permitted 1.2.2 polyandry • a woman marries more than one man. Under Islamic marital jurisprudence, Muslim men are allowed to practice polygyny, that is, they can have more than one wife at the same time, up to a total of four. The following countries restrict the practice of polygyny: Some countries, including India, Iran, Iraq, Bangladesh, Algeria, Lebanon, Morocco, Jordan, and Kuwait, allow women to include a clause prohibiting polygyny in marriage contracts. Is difficult to enforce anti-polygyny laws and restrictions in countries with poor social services as women rely husbands... 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